Adenocalymma Mart. ex Meisn., Pl. Vasc. Gen. 1: 300: 1840

Lianas or shrubs, without dimorphic juvenile growth, without strong odour. Stems with 4 phloem wedges in C.S., pith solid; branchlets cylindrical, glabrous to pubescent, covered with lenticels, usually without interpetiolar glands, with discontinuous interpetiolar ridge, with epidermis not peeling; prophylls of axillary buds small and subulate or well developed and foliaceous with glands. Leaves 2- or 3-foliate, biternately compound or biternately pinnate, terminal leaflet or division often replaced by a simple (trifid) tendril, tendrils with adhesive discs, without uncinate apices; leaflets coriaceous, with or without glands, without pellucid punctations and domatia, petiolules articulated; petiole cylindrical, never modified into a tendril, articulated. Inflorescence axillary or terminal raceme, rarely a thyrse. Flowers bisexual, zygomorphic, pentamerous, hypogynous. Calyx cupulate, shortly 5-lobed, 5- apiculate or 2-lipped, coriaceous, glabrous to villose externally, with volcano-shaped glands near margins. Corolla mostly bright yellow, sometimes red or white, without nectar-guides, usually funnelform, sometimes urceolate, tube straight, membranous, puberulous externally, sometimes villous, with glands on upper portion of tube, limb 5-lobes, lobes imbricate. Stamens 4, included, sometimes exserted, with well-developed filaments, anthers bithecous, glabrous, thecae straight. Carpels 2, syncarpous; ovary sessile, smooth and lepidote (scaly) externally, 2-locular, ovules many, in one series on placenta, placentation axile; stigma bifid, lobes flattened, rhombic, glabrous. Disc annular. Capsule linear or elliptic, flattened to inflated, straight, woody or coriaceous, usually with 2 valves, glabrous to villose, without lenticels, with volcano-shaped glands, without wings, smooth or with midrib sometimes developed into a ridge, with calyx caducous. Seeds winged or corky and wingless, with seed body smooth and glabrous, wings linear, hyaline or opaque.

93 species

Adenocalyma acutissimum Miers, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 3, 7: 395. 1861; Adenocalyma comosum (Cham.) DC., in A. DC., Prodr. 9: 201. 1845; A. nitidum Mart. ex. DC., Prodr. 9: 200. 1845; Maheshwari, Fl. Delhi 257. 1963; Bignonia comosa Cham., Linnaea 7: 693. 1833.

Woody climber, without strong odour. Young stem quadrangular, mature stem cylindrical or subcylindrical, lenticellate, pubescent, nodes slightly compressed without interpetiolar glands, interpetiolar ridge discontinuous; prophylls of axillary buds oblong-ovate, acuminate, ca. 7-8 mm long, well-developed, foliaceous, with glands, slightly puberulous. Leaves 2- or 3-foliate, terminal leaflet often replaced by a deciduous simple tendril with uncinate apex, up to 15 cm long; petioles and petiolules articulated; petiole 3-3.5 cm long; petiolules of unequal length, 1.5-3.0 cm long; leaflets up to 13 cm x 8 cm, glossy, glabrous, leaflets oblong or oblong-lanceolate, elliptical or ovate-elliptical, coriaceous, apex obtusely acuminate, base rounded or cordate. Inflorescence terminal raceme with a long peduncle, continuous over long period of time with only one or two flowers opening at a given time. Flowers large, bisexual, zygomorphic, 2-lipped, pentamerous, hypogynous, bright yellow; pedicel ca. 2 cm long. Calyx tubular, shortly 5-dentate, green, coriaceous, 5-8 mm long, puberulous with distinct volcano-shaped glands. Corolla bright yellow, trumpet-shaped, up to 10 cm long and ca. 7 cm across; tube straight, at base narrow, cylindrical, ca. 6 mm wide, widens gradually above, ca. 2.5 cm wide near limb, tube flat, upper side smooth, lower side plicate; limb 5-7 cm across, 2-lipped, upper lip 2-lobed and lower lip 3-lobed; lobes imbricate, subequal, 2.5- 3 cm x 3-3.5 cm, apex rounded, puberulous externally. Stamens 4, inserted at base of corolla tube, included, didynamous, 2 filaments ca. 3 cm long and two ca. 2 cm long; anthers ca. 5 mm long, thecae divaricate; staminode 1, small, antherless. Carpels 2, syncarpous; ovary sessile with cupulate disc, 2-locular, ovules many in one series on placenta, placentation axile; style slender, ca. 4 cm long; stigma with 2 flattened rhombic lobes.

Capsule linear. (Fruit not observed)

×

❮ ❯